Journal article
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in inflammatory neurological conditions: a multicentre retrospective comparative study
- Abstract:
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It is well established that neurological and non-neurological autoimmune disorders can be triggered by viral infections. It remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection induces similar conditions and whether they show a distinctive phenotype. We retrospectively identified patients with acute inflammatory CNS conditions referred to our laboratory for antibody testing during the pandemic (March 1 to August 31, 2020). We screened SARS-COV-2 IgA/IgG in all sera by ELISA and confirmed the positivity with additional assays. Clinical and paraclinical data of SARS-COV-2-IgG seropositive patients were compared to those of seronegative cases matched for clinical phenotype, geographical zone, and timeframe. SARS-CoV-2-IgG positivity was detected in 16/339 (4%) sera, with paired CSF positivity in 3/16. 5 of these patients had atypical demyelinating disorders and 11 autoimmune encephalitis syndromes. 9/16 patients had a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 6 of them were symptomatic. In comparison with 32 consecutive seronegative controls, SARS-CoV-2-IgG-positive patients were older, frequently presented with encephalopathy, had lower rates of CSF pleocytosis and other neurological autoantibodies, and were less likely to receive immunotherapy. When SARS-CoV-2 seropositive versus seronegative cases with demyelinating disorders were compared no differences were seen. Whereas seropositive encephalitis patients less commonly showed increased CSF cells and protein, our data suggest that an antecedent symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection can be detected in patients with autoimmune neurological conditions. These cases are rare, usually do not have specific neuroglial antibodies.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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- Files:
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 661.8KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1007/s12026-023-09384-2
Authors
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Journal:
- Immunologic Research More from this journal
- Volume:
- 71
- Issue:
- 5
- Pages:
- 717-724
- Publication date:
- 2023-05-12
- Acceptance date:
- 2023-04-18
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1559-0755
- ISSN:
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0257-277X
- Pmid:
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37171542
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1347000
- Local pid:
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pubs:1347000
- Deposit date:
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2025-02-07
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Zivelonghi et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2023
- Rights statement:
- Copyright © 2023, The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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